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Bài giảng Organic chemistry - Chapter 12: Carboxylic acids - Phan Nam

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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY  
Dr Nam T. S. Phan  
Faculty of Chemical Engineering  
HCMC University of Technology  
Office: room 211, B2 Building  
Phone: 38647256 ext. 5681  
Email: [email protected].vn  
1
Chapter 12: CARBOXYLIC ACIDS  
C=O  
C=C  
SP2 carbon  
Y=OH  
2
NOMENCLATURE OF  
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS  
3
IUPAC names: hydrocarbon + “oic acid”  
4
Some natural occurring acids & derivatives  
6
PREPARATIONS OF CARBOXYLIC  
ACIDS  
From Grignard reagents  
From nitriles  
Have 1 more carbon as compared to the halide  
8
From primary alcohols  
Can NOT be isolated  
PCC: pyridinium chlorochromate  
9
From aldehydes  
Aldehydes are generally easier to oxidize than  
primary alcohols  
10  
From alkylbenzenes  
11  
REACTIONS OF CARBOXYLIC  
ACIDS  
Esterification  
reactions  
IUPAC names: alkyl + carboxylate  
Intramolecular ester formation: Lactones  
14  
IUPAC names: 2-oxacycloalkanone  
15  
Reactions of esters  
Ester hydrolysis  
16  
Transesterification reactions  
17  
Acyl chloride formation  
18  
IUPAC names: replace “ic acid” with “yl halide” /  
“carboxylic acid” with “carbonyl halide”  
19  
Reactions of acyl chlorides  
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