Bài giảng Kiến trúc máy tính - Chương 1: Giới thiệu môn học - Võ Tấn Phương
dce
2015
COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE
CSE
Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering
BK
TP.HCM
Vo Tan Phuong
dce
2015
Chapter 1
Introduction
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
2
dce Presentation Outline
2015
• Welcome to CA CSE
• Computer Architectures and Trends
• High-Level, Assembly-, and Machine-Languages
• Components of a Computer System
• Chip Manufacturing Process
• Programmer's View of a Computer System
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
3
dce Welcome to CA CSE
2015
• Instructor: Võ Tấn Phương
• TA: Trần Thanh Bình
• Course Web Page:
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
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dce Which Textbook will be Used?
2015
• Computer Organization & Design:
The Hardware/Software Interface
– Fourth Edition
– David Patterson and John Hennessy
– Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2009
• Read the textbook in addition to slides
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
5
dce Estimated Schedule
2015
• Introduction, Performance (1 week)
• Integer arithmetic, Floating Point Numbers (1 week)
• MIPS Instruction Set Architecture (3 weeks)
• MIPS Assembly Programming (1 weeks)
• Basic Digital Function Block, ALU (1 week)
• Single Cycle MIPS Processor (2 weeks)
• Pipelined MIPS Processor (2 weeks)
• Memory System (1 week)
• Cache Memory System (2 week)
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
6
dce Course Learning Outcomes
2015
• Towards the end of this course, you should be able to …
– Describe the instruction set architecture of a MIPS processor
– Analyze, write, and test MIPS assembly language programs
– Design the datapath and control of a single-cycle CPU
– Design the datapath/control of a pipelined CPU & handle hazards
– Describe the organization/operation of memory and caches
– Analyze the performance of processors and caches
• Required Background
– Ability to program confidently in Java or C
– Ability to design a combinational and sequential circuit
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
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dce Tentative Grading Policy
2015
• Labs & Assignment
– MIPS assembly programming
– Design simple CPU
40%
20%
20%
• Mid Exam
30%
– Quiz questions, opened book
• Final Exam
40%
– Quiz questions, opened book
• Bonus by white board quick exercises (max + 2)
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
8
dce Software Tools
2015
• MIPS Simulators
– MARS: MIPS Assembly and Runtime Simulator
• Runs MIPS-32 assembly language programs
– SPIM
• Also Runs MIPS-32 assembly language programs
• Design simple CPU
– NandToTetris
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
9
dce Presentation Outline
2015
• Welcome to CA CSE
• Computer Architectures and Trends
• High-Level, Assembly-, and Machine-Languages
• Components of a Computer System
• Chip Manufacturing Process
• Programmer's View of a Computer System
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
10
dce What is “Computer Architecture” ?
2015
• Computer Architecture =
Instruction Set Architecture +
Computer Organization
• Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)
– WHAT the computer does (logical view)
• Computer Organization
– HOW the ISA is implemented (physical view)
• We will study both in this course
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
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dce Computer Architecture In Context
2015
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
12
dce
2015
Trend 1: Growing Diversity In Apps & Systems
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
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dce Trend 2: Software trend
2015
• No longer just executing C/FORTRAN code
• Object Oriented Programming
• Java
• Architectural features to assist security
• Middleware
– Layer(s) between client and server applications
– Hides complexity of client/server communications
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
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dce
2015
Trend 3: Energy/Power Constrain all Modern Systems
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
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dce Emerging Device Technologies
2015
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
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dce
2015
Power Constrains Single-Processor Scaling
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
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dce
2015
Transition to Multicore Processors
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
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dce
2015
Multicore Performance Scaling
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
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dce Classes of Computers
2015
• Desktop / Notebook Computers
– General purpose, variety of software
– Subject to cost/performance tradeoff
• Server Computers
– Network based
– High capacity, performance, reliability
– Range from small servers to building sized
• Embedded Computers
– Hidden as components of systems
– Stringent power/performance/cost constraints
Computer Architecture – Chapter 1
© Fall 2015
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